Average specific carbon dioxide emissions of district heat production in Finland, energy method, Finland

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Background of emission factor

Finland’s average emission factor for district heating reflects the carbon dioxide emissions from different production methods and regions. The type of fuel used plays a key role. District heating produced with fossil fuels generates more emissions than heating produced with renewable or emission-free energy sources. When district heating is produced together with electricity in combined heat and power (CHP) plants, the emissions from the fuel are divided between electricity and heat based on their respective output. This is called the energy method, and it provides a more accurate picture of the true emissions from district heating.

Emission factor category

Emissions from district heating are generated when water is heated. District heating water can be heated by waste heat from power plants or by geothermal energy. The emission factor of district heating depends on the production process and the electricity used in the production.